What is a Token?

Before reading the HFX Token page, this guide explains the concepts behind crypto tokens — what they are, how they work, and what makes them trustworthy or not. If you already know BEP-20 tokens, smart contract audits, and tokenomics, skip ahead to the HFX Token page.

Coin vs Token — the distinction

A coin (like Bitcoin or BNB) runs on its own blockchain. It is the native currency of that network, used to pay for transaction fees and secure the chain.

A token is different: it lives on top of an existing blockchain, governed entirely by a smart contract. Tokens borrow the security and infrastructure of the host chain — they do not have their own validators or miners.

HFX runs on Binance Smart Chain (BSC) and follows the BEP-20 standard — the rulebook that defines how all tokens on BSC must behave.

The BEP-20 Standard — code as the contract

BEP-20 is not a brand. It is a technical interface: a set of functions every compliant token contract must implement so that wallets, DEXs, and explorers can interact with it automatically.

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// The BEP-20 interface — what every compliant token must implement

interface IBEP20 {
    // ── Core state reads ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    // ── State-changing functions ─────────────────────────────────────────────
    // Move tokens from caller to recipient
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    // Authorize a spender (e.g., a DEX router) to move tokens on caller's behalf
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    // Move tokens using an existing allowance (used by DEX swaps)
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    // ── Events — permanently recorded on-chain ───────────────────────────────
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

Because every BEP-20 token exposes this same interface, the token's behavior is defined by code, not by promises. You can always read the contract and verify exactly what it does.

Smart Contracts — why immutable code creates trust

A smart contract is a program deployed permanently on the blockchain. Once deployed, no one can alter its logic — not even the original developer — unless the contract was built with a specific upgrade mechanism.

For tokens, this means:

The total supply is fixed at deployment — no secret minting
Fee rules are enforced by code, not by goodwill
Any wallet can read the contract on BscScan and audit its behavior independently

:::tip The rule of thumb If a project claims "the fee can never exceed 5%", find the line in the contract that makes this mathematically impossible. If it exists, believe it. If it does not, it is just a promise. :::

Verified Source Code — the transparency layer

On BscScan, contracts can be labeled "Verified". This means the developer submitted the original Solidity source code and BscScan confirmed it matches the deployed bytecode byte-for-byte.

A verified contract lets you:

Read exactly what runs when you buy, sell, or transfer
Check every function the owner can call
Confirm no hidden minting functions or backdoors exist

An unverified contract is a hard red flag — you have no way to know what it actually does.

Smart Contract Audits — independent security review

An audit is a formal security review of a smart contract performed by an independent security firm. Auditors examine the code for vulnerabilities and logic errors, then publish a public report.

What auditors specifically check for a tax token like HFX:

Can the owner set fees above the stated maximum?
Can the owner drain liquidity or user funds?
Is there a reentrancy vulnerability in the fee-swap logic?
Are ownership transfers safe (two-step vs instant)?
Is the totalSupply fixed or can new tokens be minted?

:::warning Always check the audit version Confirm the audited contract address matches the deployed address exactly. Some projects audit one version and deploy another. :::

How Token Supply Works

Every BEP-20 token has a total supply — the maximum number of tokens that can ever exist, set permanently at deployment.

Term	Meaning	How to check
Total supply	All tokens minted, locked or not	`totalSupply()` on BscScan
Circulating supply	Tokens in wallets, tradeable now	Total minus locked allocations
Locked supply	In vesting contracts, not yet tradeable	PinkLock records

:::note Why this matters A project can show a low price while hiding that 80% of supply is locked and will unlock over 24 months — creating steady sell pressure. Always check the ratio of circulating to total supply. :::

Tokenomics — How to Read an Allocation Table

"Tokenomics" is the economic design of a token: how the total supply is split between stakeholders and when each portion is released.

Red flags in any tokenomics table:

Risk	Signal
Team dump risk	Team allocation >20% with short vesting
Rug pull risk	Liquidity not locked, or locked for <6 months
Whale concentration	Single wallet holds >10% of supply
Inflation risk	No supply cap or mintable tokens

Green flags:

Signal	What it means
Fair launch (no VC)	No insider got tokens at lower price
Liquidity locked 12+ months	Team cannot remove liquidity
Team vesting 12+ months	Team has long-term incentive
Hard-coded supply cap	Total supply is provably fixed

Vesting and Cliff Periods

Vesting is the gradual release of tokens over time. Instead of distributing all at once, a schedule releases a fixed amount each month.

Cliff is a mandatory waiting period before any release begins.

PinkLock is the standard on-chain verification for vesting. Each lock record shows:

The exact amount of tokens locked
The wallet they will release to
The unlock timestamp or schedule
A public URL anyone can verify

If a team says "tokens are vested for 2 years" but there is no PinkLock record, the schedule is unenforceable — the team can sell immediately.

Transfer Fees in DeFi Tokens

Many BEP-20 tokens collect a fee on every buy, sell, or wallet-to-wallet transfer. This is implemented directly in the contract's transfer logic.

What to verify in the contract before buying:

// 1. Read current fee values (BscScan → Read Contract)
uint256 public buyTax;       // Current buy fee (%)
uint256 public sellTax;      // Current sell fee (%)
uint256 public transferTax;  // Wallet-to-wallet fee (%)

// 2. Check the setter function for a hard cap
function setTaxRates(uint256 _buy, uint256 _sell, uint256 _transfer) external onlyOwner {
    if (_buy > MAX || _sell > MAX || _transfer > MAX) revert();  // Hard ceiling exists?
    // ...
}

// 3. Check if your address is fee-exempt
function isFeeExempt(address account) public view returns (bool) {
    return _isExempt[account];
}

:::danger Key question Is the fee ceiling enforced by revert inside the contract, or is it just a promise in a document? Only the first one is trustworthy. :::

Token Ownership and What It Controls

Every token contract has an owner — a wallet address with special permissions to call privileged functions.

Renouncing ownership permanently removes all of the above abilities. Once renounced:

Fees are locked at their current values forever
No new exempt addresses can be added
No wallet can be updated

This sounds ideal, but it creates a practical problem: new protocol modules (staking, liquidity vaults) often need to be whitelisted as fee-exempt. Renouncing before those modules are deployed means they can never be added.

The right question is not "has the owner renounced?" but "what can the owner actually do, and is each ability constrained by code?"

How to Verify a Token on BscScan — step by step

Go to bscscan.com and paste the contract address
Look for the green "Contract" tab with a ✅ Verified badge
Click "Read Contract" — check these variables directly:

buyTax        → current buy fee (%)
sellTax       → current sell fee (%)
transferTax   → wallet-to-wallet fee (%)
totalSupply   → total tokens in existence
owner         → address with privileged access
isLive        → whether trading is enabled

Click "Write Contract" → find setTaxRates → read its code for the hard ceiling
Check the "Token Holders" tab — see wallet distribution
Check the "Contract Events" tab — see every historical fee change, on-chain and permanent

Security Checklist — Before Trusting Any Token

Question	Where to verify	✅ Safe signal
Is source code verified?	BscScan → Contract tab	Green "Verified" badge
Is it audited?	Audit PDF + contract address match	Clean report from known firm
Max fee hard-coded?	`setTaxRates` in contract code	`revert` if > N%
Is liquidity locked?	PinkLock record	12+ months lock
Is team vesting enforced?	PinkLock records	Time-locked, multi-month
What can the owner do?	Owner-only functions in code	Only reduce, never inflate
Is supply fixed?	No `mint()` function in contract	Confirmed by audit

With these tools, you can evaluate any BEP-20 token on your own. The next page applies all of these concepts to HFX specifically — with live data, contract code, audit links, and every PinkLock record.

Read the HFX Token page →

Coin vs Token — the distinction​

The BEP-20 Standard — code as the contract​

Smart Contracts — why immutable code creates trust​

Verified Source Code — the transparency layer​

Smart Contract Audits — independent security review​

How Token Supply Works​

Tokenomics — How to Read an Allocation Table​

Vesting and Cliff Periods​

Transfer Fees in DeFi Tokens​

Token Ownership and What It Controls​

How to Verify a Token on BscScan — step by step​

Security Checklist — Before Trusting Any Token​